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Kidney cancer often manifests itself with painless urination of blood. However, blood in the urine can indicate other diseases besides kidney cancer, such as kidney stones. Often, blood in the urine will occur one day and not the next. Whenever it happens, a doctor should evaluate this symptom immediately.
Other common symptoms of kidney cancer include the presence of an abdominal mass or hard lump and/or back pain. Kidney cancer occurs most often in men over the age of 40. Since back pain is common among people over 40 years of age, such pain is often ignored. Kidney cancer often goes undiagnosed or is mis-diagnosed until it has spread (metastasized). As a result, 15-25% of kidney cancer patients have metastatic disease at time of diagnosis.
Renal cell carcinoma symptoms
| Symptom | Patients |
| -------------------------------------------- | |
| Blood in the urine | 59% |
| Abdominal mass | 45% |
| Back or flank pain | 41% |
| Weight loss | 28% |
| Low blood counts (anemia) | 21% |
| Tumor calcification on x-ray | 13% |
| Symptoms of metastases | 10% |
| Fever | 9% |
| High calcium in blood | 7% |
| High blood counts | 7% |
Source: D.F. Paulson, C.A. Perez, T. Anderson, in V.T. DeVita, S. Hellman, S.A. Rosenberg, editors, Principles of Oncology, 2nd Edition, Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott Company, 1987, Volume 1, Chapter 27, page 896.
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